Common Women's Genital Diseases: Causes, Symptoms, and Care
Women's genital diseases are conditions that affect the female reproductive organs, such as the ovaries, uterus, vagina, and vulva. There are numerous genital diseases, which can have various causes, different symptoms, and specific treatments. Here is a non-exhaustive list of some common genital diseases in women:
- Endometriosis:
It is a chronic disease characterized by the presence of endometrial tissue (the lining of the uterus) outside the uterus, such as on the ovaries, fallopian tubes, bladder, or rectum. Endometriosis can cause pelvic pain, heavy and irregular menstrual periods, fertility issues, and complications like cysts or adhesions.
- Genital Infections:
These are infections caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi, or parasites that can be transmitted sexually or non-sexually. Genital infections can lead to abnormal vaginal discharge, itching, burning, unpleasant odors, pain during sexual intercourse or urination, fever, or bleeding. Common genital infections include bacterial vaginosis, candidiasis, trichomoniasis, chlamydia, gonorrhea, genital herpes, and genital warts.
- Uterine Fibroids:
These are benign tumors that develop from uterine muscle tissue. Uterine fibroids are very common in women of childbearing age and can be asymptomatic or cause heavy and prolonged menstrual periods, pelvic pain, a feeling of heaviness in the lower abdomen, frequent urination, or difficulties conceiving.
- Ovarian Cysts:
These are fluid-filled sacs that form on or within the ovaries. Ovarian cysts are often related to the menstrual cycle and typically resolve on their own. They can sometimes be painful, lead to ovarian torsion, or rupture and cause internal bleeding.
- Genital Prolapse:
It is the descent of organs that occurs when the muscles and ligaments of the pelvic floor weaken and no longer properly support the uterus, bladder, or rectum. Genital prolapse can be due to factors such as age, pregnancy, childbirth, obesity, or constipation. It can result in a sensation of a lump in the vagina, urinary or fecal incontinence, recurrent urinary infections, or painful sexual intercourse.
These genital diseases require a medical diagnosis and appropriate treatment. Therefore, it is essential to consult a gynecologist in case of abnormal or persistent symptoms. Additionally, regular gynecological check-ups are recommended to prevent and detect certain diseases like cervical cancer or ovarian cancer.